HSE26-18
ORGANIZOVANJE I SPROVOĐENJE ZDRAVSTVENIH PREGLEDA ZAPOSLENIH
Autori: Miodrag PANTIĆ1, ORCID: 0009-0007-9615-1880, Miloš KRUŠKA2 ORCID: 0009-0004-9202-6474
E-mail: miodrag.pantic@epcg.com
Afilijacija:
1,2Elektroprivreda Crne Gore – AD Nikšić, Crna Gora
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strane 153-159 |
DOI: |
KRATAK SADRŽAJ
Zaštita i zdravlje na radu podrazumijeva obezbjeđivanje uslova na radu koji ne dovode do povreda na radu, profesionalnih bolesti i bolesti u vezi sa radom i koji stvaraju pretpostavke za punu fizičku i psihičku zaštitu zaposlenih.
Zdravstveni pregledi zaposlenih preduzimaju se radi utvrđivanja i otklanjanja uzroka obolijevanja i zdravstvenih oštećenja u vezi sa radom.
Poslodavac je dužan da obezbijedi zdravstveni pregled zaposlenih koji se raspoređuju na radna mjesta sa posebnim uslovima rada (nepovoljna klima, buka, vibracije, zračenja, vlaga, prašina, štetni gasovi, blizine električne energije, rad na visini i dr.), odnosno sa povećanim rizikom i u slučajevima ponovnog angažovanja zaposlenog koji je odsustvovao sa rada na tom radnom mjestu duže od godinu dana.
U Elektroprivredi Crne Gore AD Nikšić se u skladu sa Zakonom o zaštiti i zdravlju na radu sprovode sljedeći zdravstveni pregledi:
- Predhodni zdravstveni pregledi(pregledi koji se obavljaju prije potpisivanja Ugovora o radu radi prethodnog utvrđivanja i ocjenjivanja posebnih zdravstvenih uslova i sposobnosti zaposlenog za rad na radnom mjestu za koje je Zakonom propisan zdravstveni pregled)
- Periodični zdravstveni pregledi(pregledi koji se obavljaju radi praćenja i ocjenjivanja zdravstvenog stanja i sposobnosti zaposlenog za obavljanje poslova na radnim mjestima sa posebnim uslovima rada, odnosno povećanim rizikom, u odnosu na faktore rizika tih radnih mjesta, a u propisanim rokovima).
- Sanitarni pregledi (pregledi zaposlenih koji obavljaju poslove proizvodnje, prometa i distribucije krane i napitaka prije raspoređivanja na ta radna mjesta i periodično svakih 6 mjeseci)
Poslove organizovanja zdravstvenih pregleda i vođenje zakonskih evidencija u vezi sa zdravstvenim pregledima u Elektroprivredi Crne Gore – AD Nikšić obavljaju stručna lica za ZZNR.
ABSTRACT
Occupational health and safety is founded on the principle of creating working conditions that prevent occupational injuries, work-related diseases, and health impairments associated with workplace exposure. Its primary objective is to safeguard both the physical and mental well-being of employees.
Employee health examinations represent a key preventive mechanism, aimed at identifying potential health risks and mitigating the causes of work-related illnesses and occupational impairments.
Employers are legally required to provide medical examinations for employees assigned to workplaces with special working conditions, including exposure to adverse climate, excessive noise, vibration, radiation, humidity, dust, harmful gases, electrical hazards, work at heights, and other increased occupational risks. Additionally, employees returning to work after an absence exceeding one year are subject to mandatory medical assessment prior to resuming their duties.
In compliance with the national occupational health and safety framework, the Montenegrin Electric Enterprise implements a structured system of employee health examinations, which includes:
- Pre-employment medical examinations, conducted prior to the conclusion of an employment contract, with the purpose of assessing health status and determining an employee’s fitness for work at specific workplaces, in accordance with statutory requirements.
- Periodic medical examinations, performed at prescribed intervals to continuously monitor employees’ health and work capacity at workplaces characterized by special working conditions or elevated risk, taking into account identified occupational hazards.
- Sanitary medical examinations, mandatory for employees involved in the production, handling, and distribution of food and beverages, conducted before job assignment and subsequently at six-month intervals.
The planning, coordination, and documentation of employee health examinations at the Montenegrin Electric Enterprise are carried out by occupational health and safety specialist.
Ključne riječi: zdravlje, pregledi, zaposleni, posebni uslovi rada
Keywords: occupational health and safety, medical examinations, employees, high-risk workplaces